If you had reason to believe that the Earth is the center of the universe, the fact that orbiting the sun contradicts that is evidence against the Earth orbiting the sun. It is related to proof by contradiction; if your premises lead you to a contradictory conclusion, then one of your premises is bad. And if one of your premises is something in which you are justified in having extremely high confidence, such as "there is such a thing as murder", it's probably the other premise that needs to be discarded.

I am surprised that you consider this distaste to be evidence that evolution is an incorrect theory of the origin of species

If you have reason to believe that humans have souls, and evolution implies that they don't, that is evidence against evolution. Of course, how good that is as evidence against evolution depends on how good your reason is to believe that humans have souls. In the case of souls, that isn't really very good.