So whatever Penn Jillette means when he says "believe". In case you think that's no coherent concept, that would also be an answer that I would accept.
If we're talking about Penn Jillete's conception of "beliefs", then I would say that he probably has in mind pieces of information that our minds can represent and reason about abstractly, although this is of course somewhat speculative as I cannot speak for Penn Jillette. I would say that this probably doesn't apply to the other species you named, but may apply to some other existing species, and probably some of our ancestors in the Homo genus.
I'm not arguing better or worse. I'm arguing different. People who listen to their hearts don't go on killing sprees.
I would regard this as a highly extraordinary claim demanding commensurately extraordinary evidence, and I would caution that this is a case which seems very prone to inviting the No True Scotsman fallacy. First off, how would you determine whether an individual listens to their heart or not, and second, how do you know that individuals who listen to their hearts don't engage in such antisocial behaviors?
I would regard this as a highly extraordinary claim demanding commensurately extraordinary evidence, and I would caution that this is a case which seems very prone to inviting the No True Scotsman fallacy. First off, how would you determine whether an individual listens to their heart or not, and second, how do you know that individuals who listen to their hearts don't engage in such antisocial behaviors?
There are people who listen to their heads who go on killing sprees. I believe Christian's claims is that listening to one's heart is either uncorrelated or negatively correlated with going on killing sprees.
Another month has passed and here is a new rationality quotes thread. The usual rules are:
And one new rule: