David Brin believes that high speed trading bots are a high probability route to human indifferent AI. If you agree with him, then laws governing the usage of high speed trading algorithms could be useful. There is a downside in terms of stock liquidity, but how much that will affect overall economic growth is still a research area.

From my experience doing group study for classes, there don't seem to be any major advantages or disadvantages for pairs vs small groups. The most relevant factor is how many eyeballs looking at something, but even that isn't a huge effect. Both are more effective than working alone (as the article concludes).

For a lot of things, getting together IRL looks like it would work best, but the logistics there can be difficult. For people who have Lesswrong meetups nearby, those are an obvious way to potentially coordinate meatspace study groups.

You are probably counting more properties things can vary under as "ontological". I'm mostly doing a software vs. hardware, need to be puppeteered vs. automatic, and able to interact with environment vs. stuck in a simulation, here.

I'm basing the moral status largely on "well realized", "complex" and "technically sentient" here. You'll notice all my example ALSO has the actual utility function multiplier at "unknown".

Most tulpas probably have almost exactly the same intelligence as their host, but not all of it stacks with the host, and thus count towards it's power over reality.

I've been doing some research (mainly hanging on their subreddit) and I think I have a fairly good idea of how tulpas work and the answers to your questions.

There are a myriad very different things tulpas are described as and thus "tulpas exist in the way people describe them" is not well defined.

There undisputably exist SOME specific interesting phenomena that's the referent of the word Tulpa.

I estimates a well developed tulpas moral status to be similar to that of a newborn infant, late-stage alzheimer's victim, dolphin, or beloved family pet dog.

I estimates it's ontological status to be similar to a video game NPC, recurring dream character, or schizophrenic hallucination.

I estimate it's power over reality to be similar to a human (with lower intelligence than their host) locked in a box and only able to communicate with one specific other human.

It does not seem deciding to make a tulpa is a sign of being crazy. Tulpas themselves seem to not be automatically unhealthy and can often help their host overcome depression or anxiety. However, there are many signs that the act of making a tulpa is dangerous and can trigger latent tendencies or be easily done in a catastrophically wrong way. I estimate the risk is similar to doing extensive meditation or taking a single largeish dose of LSD. For this reason I have not and will not attempt making one.

I am to lazy to find citations or examples right now but I probably could. I've tried to be a good rationalist and am fairly certain of most of these claims.

Is there a way to explain that to a non-mathematician?

Not 50 years. Craig Venter did it already in 2010. So it took 3 years to do what you thought it would take 50.

How does Korean relate to this? I speak it semi-fluently and none of those three things happen in it. I have however found its folding in of adjectives into verbs one of several useful toeholds for learning Lojban, though.

The mark of a great man is one who knows when to set aside the important things in order to accomplish the vital ones.

-- Tillaume, The Alloy of Law

What do you think the word "terminal" means in this context, and what do you think I think it means?

Edit: Seriously, I'm not being facetious. I think I am using the word correctly, and if I'm not, I'd like to know. The downvotes tell me little.

Hello all, my name is Glen and I am a fairly long-time lurker here. I first found this site through the Sword of Good short story, and filed it in my "List of things I want to read but will never actually get around to" and largely forgot about it until I recognized the name while reading HPMOR. I've read most, but not all, of the sequences and am currently going through Quantum Mechnics. I'm Chicago based and work as a programmer for an advertising company. I consider myself a low-mid level rationalist and am working at getting better.

I run or play in a wide range of tabletop games, where I'm known as being a GM-Friendly Munchkin. That is to say, I like finding exploits and unusual combinations, but then I talk to the person running the game about them and usually explain why I shouldn't be allowed to do that. It lets me have fun breaking the system without actually making hte game less fun. I've also used basic information theory to great effect, unless the GM tells me to knock it off. Currently in love with Exalted. Been burned by Shadowrun in the past, but I just can't stay mad at her.