Since a graph of n vertices has n choose 2 pairs, the total number of DAGs of n vertices has an upper bound of 3^(n choose 2). This is much smaller than n^n.
It is much larger. =
, and
is much larger than n.
3^(10 choose 2) is about 10^21.
Since the nodes of these graphs are all distinguishable, there is no need to factor out by graph isomorphism, so 3^(n choose 2) is the exact number.
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I learned math with the Peano axioms and we considered the symbol
2to refer to the1+1, 3 to(1+1)+1and so on. However even if you consider it to be more complicated it still stays an analytic statement and isn't a synthetic one.If you define 2 differently what's the definition of 2?
In type theory and some fields of logic, 2 is usually defined as (λf.λx.f (f x)); essentially, the concept of doing something twice.