the problem with C though "The leading AI company is willing to spend (much of) its lead on misalignment concerns" is that I think the leading AI company has ~0 lead?

Thanks for your thoughtful pushback.

I want to withdraw my prediction "I’d expect the 10GW OpenAI cluster becomes operational around 2027-2028." I spoke too quickly in my Twitter thread and this was based on a confusion on my part.

I will have a more detailed article soon to give more thoughtful updated predictions. I apologize for this error.

People here might appreciate my book review: If We Build AI Superintelligence, Do We All Die?

I'd be curious for more takes from smart LessWrong readers.

this suggests that the model is 80-180x overtrained

What is the rationale to overtrain a model this much?

If you're considering a career in AI policy, now is an especially good time to start applying widely as there's a lot of hiring going on right now. I documented in my Substack over a dozen different opportunities that I think are very promising.

What do you think of this argument that Grok 4 used only ~1/5th RLVR training as pretraining (~3e26 pre-training + ~6e25 RLVR)? https://x.com/tmychow/status/1943460487565578534

What do you think of the counterargument that OpenAI announced o3 in December and publicly solicited external safety testing then, and isn't deploying until ~4 months later?

Here's my summary of the recommendations:

• National security testing
  • Develop robust government capabilities to evaluate AI models (foreign and domestic) for security risks
  • Once ASL-3 is reached, government should mandate pre-deployment testing
  • Preserve the AI Safety Institute in the Department of Commerce to advance third-party testing
  • Direct NIST to develop comprehensive national security evaluations in partnership with frontier AI developers
  • Build classified and unclassified computing infrastructure for testing powerful AI systems
  • Assemble interdisciplinary teams with both technical AI and national security expertise
     
• Export Control Enhancement
  • Tighten semiconductor export restrictions to prevent adversaries from accessing critical AI infrastructure
  • Control H20 chips
  • Require government-to-government agreements for countries hosting large chip deployments
    • As a prerequisite for hosting data centers with more than 50,000 chips from U.S. companies, the U.S. should mandate that countries at high-risk for chip smuggling comply with a government-to-government agreement that 1) requires them to align their export control systems with the U.S., 2) takes security measures to address chip smuggling to China, and 3) stops their companies from working with the Chinese military. The “Diffusion Rule” already contains the possibility for such agreements, laying a foundation for further policy development.
  • Review and reduce the 1,700 H100 no-license required threshold for Tier 2 countries
    • Currently, the Diffusion Rule allows advanced chip orders from Tier 2 countries for less than 1,700 H100s —an approximately $40 million order—to proceed without review. These orders do not count against the Rule’s caps, regardless of the purchaser. While these thresholds address legitimate commercial purposes, we believe that they also pose smuggling risks. We recommend that the Administration consider reducing the number of H100s that Tier 2 countries can purchase without review to further mitigate smuggling risks.
  • Increase funding for Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) for export enforcement
     
• Lab Security Improvements
  • Establish classified and unclassified communication channels between AI labs and intelligence agencies for threat intelligence sharing, similar to Information Sharing and Analysis Centers used in critical infrastructure sectors
  • Create systematic collaboration between frontier AI companies and intelligence agencies, including Five Eyes partners
  • Elevate collection and analysis of adversarial AI development to a top intelligence priority, as to provide strategic warning and support export controls
  • Expedite security clearances for AI industry professionals
  • Direct NIST to develop next-generation security standards for AI training/inference clusters
  • Develop confidential computing technologies that protect model weights even during processing
  • Develop meaningful incentives for implementing enhanced security measures via procurement requirements for systems supporting federal government deployments.
  • Direct DOE/DNI to conduct a study on advanced security requirements that may become appropriate to ensure sufficient control over and security of highly agentic models

• Energy Infrastructure Scaling
  • Set an ambitious national target: build 50 additional gigawatts of power dedicated to AI by 2027
  • Streamline permitting processes for energy projects by accelerating reviews and enforcing timelines
  • Expedite transmission line approvals to connect new energy sources to data centers
  • Work with state/local governments to reduce permitting burdens
  • Leverage federal real estate for co-locating power generation and next-gen data centers

• Government AI Adoption
  • across the whole of government, the Administration should systematically identify every instance where federal employees process text, images, audio, or video data, and augment these workflows with appropriate AI systems.
  • Task OMB to address resource constraints and procurement limitations for AI adoption
  • Eliminate regulatory and procedural barriers to rapid AI deployment across agencies
  • Direct DoD and Intelligence Community to accelerate AI research, development and procurement
  • Target largest civilian programs for AI implementation (IRS tax processing, VA healthcare delivery, etc.)

• Economic Impact Monitoring
  • Enhance data collection mechanisms to track AI adoption patterns and economic implications
  • The Census Bureau’s American Time Use Survey should incorporate specific questions about AI usage, distinguishing between personal and professional applications while gathering detailed information about task types and systems employed.
  • Update Census Bureau surveys to gather detailed information on AI usage and impacts
  • Collect more granular data on tasks performed by workers to create a baseline for monitoring changes
  • Track the relationship between AI computation investments and economic performance
  • Examine how AI adoption might reshape the tax base and cause structural economic shifts

If you've liked my writing in the past, I wanted to share that I've started a Substack: https://peterwildeford.substack.com/

Ever wanted a top forecaster to help you navigate the news? Want to know the latest in AI? I'm doing all that in my Substack -- forecast-driven analysis about AI, national security, innovation, and emerging technology!

Here you go: https://chatgpt.com/share/67a34222-e7d8-800d-9a86-357defc15a1d