What you are describing is well known in Neuro Linguistic Programming.

True, but I don't believe it really has a name there. Tony Robbins refers to them as "references" or "reference experiences", but I'm not sure if that's his own coinage or borrowed from NLP.

I THINK this is referred to as "chunking". "Submodalities" and "anchoring" might also be relevant.

If you must throw it into a formal NLP term, the blanket term "strategy" is probably what you're looking for. (The terms you just gave are for things used in strategies, or to modify strategies.)

However, I personally think that this is one area where importing NLP terminology actually obscures more than it makes clear -- Robbins' terminology and the one used here are sufficiently clear to get the point across with a minimum number of entities introduced.