unless I'm missing some distinguishing feature.
I think (at least part of) the idea is to have young skilled rationalists work with experienced scientists in expectation that their powers combined will be more effective at making sense of some topic than either of them separately.
Holden Karnofsky of GiveWell.org interviewed Jasen Murray of SIAI and published his notes (Edit: PDF, thanks lukeprog!), with updates from later conversations. Lots of stuff to take an interest in there - thanks to jsalvatier for drawing our attention to it. One new bit of information stands out in particular: