large-scale schematic beliefs about how to navigate tradeoffs are, in fact, a better guide than are folk moral intuitions about what a good friendship looks like

Not at all. Our 'folk moral intuitions' tell us right quick that we shouldn't tile the light-cone with anything, and I'd need quite a bit of convincing to think otherwise. Similarly, considering aid to Africa can be dealt with entirely within our 'folk moral intuitions', and to think otherwise I'm pretty sure you'd have to beg the question in favor of 'large-scale schematic beliefs about how to navigate tradeoffs'.

That said, I agree wholeheartedly with (1) and (2). Part of the analysis of (1) involves the nature of observation. Intuitions are a sort of observation, and in really strange situations our observations can be confused and fail to match up with reality. While we can rely on our moral intuitions in situations we actually find ourselves facing every day, 'desert island cases' confuse our moral faculties so we shouldn't necessarily trust our intuitions in them. Of course, this starts bleeding into (2).