Yes, I think we certainly need to deepen our knowledge of how our memory works. Our current amount of investments in the topic is pathetic. While I'm not going to speculate why that's the case, suffic to say it's much less than that in the 60s and 70s, as measured by results produced. Besides the work by Mozer and colleagues described in this essay, Hopfield Networks is another rare time-tested insight that we got. However, it's still unknown how it can be complemented with the rest of AI, despite it being discovered 50 years ago.
The issue is not that there are missing pieces, it's that there are critical missing pieces and there's lack of awareness of them. With respect to Human Intelligence, it's fine for artificial neural networks to miss the spiking behaviour in our brains, but it's dismal that they cannot ever remember anything due to lack of working memory.