The theory of comparative advantage says that you should trade with people, even if they are worse than you at everything (ie even if you have an absolute advantage). Some have seen this idea as a reason to trust powerful AIs.
For instance, suppose you can make a hamburger by using 10 000 joules of energy. You can also make a cat video for the same cost. The AI, on the other hand, can make hamburgers for 5 joules each and cat videos for 20.
Then you both can gain from trade. Instead of making a hamburger, make a cat video instead, and trade it for two hamburgers. You've got two hamburgers for 10 000 joules of your own effort (instead of 20 000), and the AI has got a cat video for 10 joules of its own effort (instead of 20). So you both want to trade, and everything is fine and beautiful and many cat videos and hamburgers will be made.
Except... though the AI would prefer to trade with you rather than not trade with you, it would much, much prefer to dispossess you of your resources and use them itself. With the energy you wasted on a single cat video, it could have produced 500 of them! If it values these videos, then it is desperate to take over your stuff. Its absolute advantage makes this too tempting.
Only if its motivation is properly structured, or if it expected to lose more, over the course of history, by trying to grab your stuff, would it desist. Assuming you could make a hundred cat videos a day, and the whole history of the universe would only run for that one day, the AI would try and grab your stuff even if it thought it would only have one chance in fifty thousand of succeeding. As the history of the universe lengthens, or the AI becomes more efficient, then it would be willing to rebel at even more ridiculous odds.
So if you already have guarantees in place to protect yourself, then comparative advantage will make the AI trade with you. But if you don't, comparative advantage and trade don't provide any extra security. The resources you waste are just too valuable to the AI.
EDIT: For those who wonder how this compares to trade between nations: it's extremely rare for any nation to have absolute advantages everywhere (especially this extreme). If you invade another nation, most of their value is in their infrastructure and their population: it takes time and effort to rebuild and co-opt these. Most nations don't/can't think long term (it could arguably be in US interests over the next ten million years to start invading everyone - but "the US" is not a single entity, and doesn't think in terms of "itself" in ten million years), would get damaged in a war, and are risk averse. And don't forget the importance of diplomatic culture and public opinion: even if it was in the US's interests to invade the UK, say, "it" would have great difficulty convincing its elites and its population to go along with this.
No it is not, and here is why. The reason China has 1/6 the salary is because average productivity of the chinese hour is 1/6 average productivity of the American hour. There are multiple effects "on the margin" that all conspire to keep this true. Essentially if the Chinese hour was on average worth 1/5 of an american hour, but only cost 1/6 of an american hour, more and more businesses would move to china to exploit this cost advantage, until demand for chinese hours pushed their price up to 1/5 of the price for an American hour.
So lower prevailing wage is not some sort of national resource, it is a statement that the resource is on average less productive.
However it does mean that the jobs that will differentially go to China are ones generally where more labor is particularly helpful in getting the job done, labor intensive jobs.
Essentially, a lower prevailing wage in one place vs another is a measure of the absolute productivity difference between the two places. All the feedback forces in economics conspire to make this so.
Having said that, a country with a less productive work force will find it has a comparative advantage at making the things it can make with labor. In the case of assembling things on assembly lines, Chinese workers do (at least) as well as American workers. In terms of making movies, or building new technologies from scratch, American workers seem to do a lot better than Chinese workers (in Hollywood and Silicon Valley). So we wind up with a lot of manufactured goods from China being traded for movies and high tech from the US.
What you say is partly, or even mostly true. But you should not neglect the simple fact that the cost of living can vary vastly. There are places in the world where, say, $10 a day is a respectable sum, and one who earns that much has all the necessities of life plus some left over. This is more true in Africa then it is in China, but the point can still potentially carry, if the exact figures line up. Someone in China may earn a fraction of what the equivalent person does in the US, but may have a similar salary in purchasing power adjusted terms.