All of CuriousApe's Comments + Replies

Answer by CuriousApe30

Yes, humans still provide value. Correspondence chess players will for example read chess opening books to find if there any mistakes in that book and even if they find just one, they'll try to lead their opponent into that dubious line, which is often a mistake that computers can't easily spot. Also as a former highly-ranked chess player, I'd use multiple chess engines at the same time to compare and contrast and also I'd know their strengths and weaknesses and which possibilities to explore. 

-1meijer1973
Time should also be a factor when comparing strength between AI alone and an AI-human team. Humans might add to correspondence chess but it will cost them a significant amount of time. Human-AI teams are very slow compared to AI alone. For example in low latency algorithmic stock trading reaction times are below 10ms. Human reaction time is 250ms. A human-AI cooperation of stock traders would have a minimum reaction time of 250ms (if the human immediatly agrees when the AI suggests a trade), This is way to slow and means a serious competitive disadvantage.  Take this to strategically aware AI compared to a human working with a strategically aware AI. And suppose that the human can improve the strategic decision if given enough time. The AI alone would be at least a 100x faster that the AI-human team. A serious advantage for the AI alone. For the more mundane human in the loop applications speed and cost will probably be a deciding factor. If chess was a job than most of the time a Magnus Carlson level move in a few seconds for a few cents will be sufficient. In rare cases (e.g. cutting edge science) it might be valuable to go for the absolute best decision at a higher cost in time and money.  So my guess is that human in the loop solutions will be a short fase in the coming transition. The human in the loop fase will provide valuable data for the AI, but soon monetary and time costs will move processes towards an AI alone setup instead of humans in te loop. Even if in correspondence chess AI-human teams are better it probably does not transfer to a lot of real world applications.
Answer by CuriousApe510

Anecdotally this feels very true. Those outside of the AI community feel way more optimistic than those I know who work in AI. The general population who are aware of GPT and LLM's seem way too optimistic. When I talk to people about an AGI capabilities moratorium, AI researchers are way more likely to agree than those not working in AI. 

1DFNaiff
That is not my experience at all. Maybe it is because my friends from outside of the AI community are also outside of the tech bubble, but I've seen a lot of pessimism recently with the future of AI. In fact, they seem to easily both the orthogonality and the instrumentality thesis. Although I avoid delving into this topic of human extinction, since I don't want to harm anyone's mental health, the rare times were this topic comes up they seem to easily agree that this is a non-trivial possibility. I guess the main reason is that, since they are outside of the tech bubble, they don't seem to think that worrying about AI risk is being a Luddite, not truly understanding AI, or something like that. Moreover, since none of them works in AI, they don't take any personal offense with the suggestion that capabilities advance may greatly harm humanity.
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3tailcalled
Where do you know people who work in AI from? And where do you know people in the general population from? (This might seem like a weird question, so lemme explain. If you e.g. know people who work in AI from LessWrong, and know people in the general population from your family, then these are separate mechanisms and it would seem that these could induce a collider bias, distorting the correlations.)

Just because good behavior is contagious doesn't mean it will necessarily spread. There are people and/or organizations that purposefully want to troll or be bad actors either for monetary gain (false short report to manipulate a stock price), political gain (foreign interference in an election) or out of their enjoyment or possibly some mental disorder or to show off or enjoyment of breaking norms. A rational discussion or showing good behavior might not be effective in stopping the intolerant speech or behavior. So just displaying good behavior in respon... (read more)

The book claims that authority by government is never justified and you state also that private agencies are expected to outperform the government. I take issue with both of these claims. Free markets fail to solve tragedy of the commons problem for which collective solutions through government are the best solution. Free markets also often fail in solving inequality, externalities, asymmetry of information, monopolies and the free rider problem. A world under anarcho-capitalism would likely lead to a large monopoly by a powerful force controlling security... (read more)

Aging/longevity is likely one of the top problems facing humanity especially when it seems possible to solve aging within your lifetime, so would add that to the list of topics to study. Also the rise of social media and in general the increase in the instant pleasure industry is having a huge impact on humanity so a topic worth exploring. 

When looking at polarization in the US, it's more at the Congressional level than at the presidential level and this is often due non-competitive general elections so the winner of the primary will be the winner of the general election. This has gotten worse as gerrymandering has continued to increase. In more competitive races, you see the political parties trying to select more moderate candidates. 

Nothing is 100% accurate, but if you want the most accurate news then it's best to get closest to the primary source and large news organizations are usually the ones with the budget to get closest to the primary source, which often makes them more trustworthy. They also have large editorial boards and have a reputation to upkeep. They often have a bias towards being pro-corporate since most are for-profit and rely on advertisers, though every single source of news has some bias. 

Also, stocks had a rather large rally today and it was newsworthy for the short-term so not sure showing today's rally vs a YTD downtrend is supporting your point that news isn't trustworthy

1trevor
In the past, I would have agreed with this. However, since the start of the pandemic, news corporations have treated their reputation as something to spend, not to save. Meanwhile, as sources of facts they are still pretty great. But when the slightest subjectivity comes in, like today's "rally" in the stock market where "investors returned to high-risk assets", they are so misleading that it's basically lying. Furthermore, lies by omission are prevalent in most domains and they create a lopsided worldview in all domains. Their editorial boards are basically executives with an extra emphasis on brand reputation, which is central to the news business model (and is increasingly less central, as they have to compete with blogs, fake news, social media, and digital entertainment in general). News corporations provably have an imperative to reduce panic during a recession, although I don't know the specifics of where the momentum for this comes from. This means that the deception is especially acute during this time; hence the meme.
Answer by CuriousApe00

Conspicuous consumption luxury spending is not a good use of resources and is a negative externality. Some spending is very beneficial such as that on basic research or demand for healthy goods which leads to more production of that healthy good. Spending money on something signals that their is demand for that good or service so leads to more production of that good or time spent on that service. Society would be better off with more medical research and less yachts and JPEG NFT's so we want to encourage spending on health instead of some luxury goods. 

Answer by CuriousApe10

More humans leads to more knowledge. There will be more people doing basic research and adding to humanity's collective knowledge which will improve collective wellbeing. There are efficiencies of scale as someone else mentioned and in the book Scale the author mentions productivity in cities scales 1.15x superlinearly with population. There is an upper limit, though the current population growth rate is well below the peak and very likely a much higher growth rate than today's can be sustained. 

You claim lockdowns are almost certainly net negative but plenty of research papers on the cost-benefit analysis of lockdowns come to the opposite conclusion. Lockdowns saved plenty of lives, prevented long Covid and stopped hospitals from being overwhelmed at the costs of ~5% of GDP and decreased mental health. I could see that for certain segments of the population such as young people that lockdowns are a net negative, though a large decision like lockdowns should likely be decided based off the benefits to all of society and for older people lockdowns were definitely a huge net positive. 

6jaspax
There has been some evidence both ways, but I think that the best argumentation has been that lockdowns were net-negative by a lot. Dumbledore's Army linked this paper, which is not the same as the one that originally convinced me, but it's also good and I don't have the other link on hand. In particular, analyses in favor of lockdowns tended to make two errors: * They compare a lockdown to a hypothetical situation in which there is no mitigation at all, rather than allowing for private, voluntary mitigation. * They assume that infections which do not occur during the lockdown never occur at all, rather than simply occurring later. Since we never got close to actually eradicating COVID, deaths during lockdown were mostly delayed rather than prevented. (The exception would be the cases where we delayed long enough to get good treatments or vaccines, or where we avoided medical system collapse, but even taking these into account the benefit is still smaller than assumed.) Most importantly: relying on voluntary isolation allows people to choose their level of risk based on their vulnerability, their risk tolerance, and their ability to bear the costs. This is not perfect (you wind up with some people who would prefer to self-isolate but can't do so for economic reasons), but it's still miles better than forcing the same policy onto everyone.
4Dumbledore's Army
From earlier this year: Douglas Allen of Simon Fraser University reviews 80 studies, concludes that lockdowns have costs which are 3.6 - 282x more than their benefits. The 3.6 is based on unrealistic extreme assumptions intended to steel-man the case for lockdown. He concludes: “It is possible that lockdown will go down as one of the greatest peacetime policy failures in Canada’s history.” I repeat my request for you to post links to any high-quality cost-benefit analyses which come to the opposite conclusion.
7mwacksen
Funnily enough, I have yet to read a single not-completely-ridiculous cost-benefit analysis that goes this way. We must live in different bubbles.

Many cost-benefit analyses (especially early in the pandemic) compared modelled, not actual, benefits of lockdowns - note that epidemiological models have repeatedly proven overly pessimistic - usually with estimated short-term monetary costs of lockdowns. Generally these cost-benefit analyses ignored non-monetary costs, even though they're huge. They also tended to calculate benefits by comparing lockdowns vs doing nothing, ignoring options like supporting the elderly to isolate themselves while letting everyone else go about their lives. 

We now know... (read more)

Razied330

Cost-benefit analyses of lockdowns are hard because on one side you have a bunch of reasonably well-defined positives: preventing deaths, and on the other you have a long tail of weird second-order long-term effects like children learning loss, calcification of social relationships because of masks, politicians getting used to exerting this sort of power over the daily lives of normal people, small business closures and all the second-order effects from that, increased videogame addiction, the dramatic increase of Tinder usage instead of face-to-face flirt... (read more)

JesperO150

Yeah, it's overconfident to claim that lockdowns are "almost certainly net negative". This stuff is complicated.

But it's also not certain that lockdowns were "definitely a huge net positive" for older people. For example, for my 90 year old grandmother the life-saving benefits are much larger than for younger people. But the costs of a couple years in lockdown has also been huge for her. She's been persistently depressed, and her health has deteriorated a lot. Presumably from not moving around much any more. She's felt really bad about life since the pande... (read more)

I do wonder about the positive $1000 of impact per each reader. That estimate does seem quite high to me and if it was actually the case then we should have way more people reading these articles. 

-36Kenny

You're right about all the downsides of Pocket listen feature. I use it often and it does have a lot of shortcomings. Way better on the podcast apps. 

A few comments:

-The disenfranchised (bottom quintile in income) vote at 20% lower rates in the US compared to more wealthy people so increasing disenfranchisement is not necessarily as strong a path to get more votes as other tactics would be, such as making it easier to vote through mail-in voting and automatic voter registration or making election day a national holiday

-People do learn from past policy mistakes and do vote in the future based off of those, so policies that lead to negative outcomes do make it less likely to elect those politicians in the... (read more)

1BDay
Thanks for your comments. 1. Good points. 2. I disagree, but I think your view is more supported by others than mine. I think experts learn, but very few voters do.  3. I think this is also perverse and causal. Universities have very one-sided incentives with regard to who it makes sense for them to support politically.  4. Rent control prevents the market from working and building more stock, which harms everyone else.  5. I agree. Our right wing politics is mostly a grift.  6. Agree. Incentives are very different for rich and poor, and poor might be motivated by dependency whereas rich are not. 

Some of the other top causes of obesity include endocrine disruptors, Adenovirus-36, antibiotics (especially in childhood), C-sections, foods that spike blood sugar (carb-heavy), certain medications (antipsychotic drugs, anti-depressants, steroids, birth control)

1skot523
Whatever the cause is, I’d bet it’s probably modulated by genetics as well. The Peery paper goes into it too. I have most of those factors other than maybe the virus and I pretty effortlessly maintain a 22 BMI unless I’m drinking 5+ beers a day for months. Obviously anecdote but I know I couldn’t get down to 18 BMI without a ton of effort, just as an obese person can’t get down to 23 without a ton of effort too. Or perhaps the damage is done as a child or in the womb, hard to say.

The Fed uses the short-term interest rate to either promote growth or fight inflation. The government has other methods to do this using fiscal policy and some MMT economists argue that the Fed should freeze interest rates at 0 and use fiscal policy instead for promoting growth by more fiscal spending or fighting inflation by raising taxes. If the free market was to determine interest rates without central bank intervention it would probably prefer growth and not fear inflation as growth benefits the market and companies and wealthy investors would offset ... (read more)

Rutger Bregman just released a book on this topic called Humankind: A Hopeful History where he argues humans are good and dismisses some of the historical arguments that humans are bad with examples.

1Polytopos
I second this book recommendation. I just finished reading it and it is well written and well argued. Bregman explicitly contrasts Hobbes' pessimistic view of human nature with Rousseau's positive view. According to the most recent evidence Rousseau was correct. His evolutionary argument is that social learning was the overwhelming fitness inducing ability that drove human evolution. As a result we evolved for friendliness and cooperation as a byproduct of selection for social learning.

How would a standardized social network work? Maybe it would let you download your friends lists and posts in a format that could be easily uploaded to a different social network? That way there's less switching costs for social networks.

7romeostevensit
Some api features mandated so that third parties can create services that allow you to interact with the network more on your own terms, like rss.

Hertz corporate bonds are trading at 39 cents on the dollar so the equity is 99%+ to be worth 0. The reason the equity is trading above 0 is that there's a borrow fee so to short the shares you have to pay a borrow fee. Also there's legal implications of being short the shares throughout the bankruptcy process which might reduce the liquidity of your position or ability to get out.

It seems a lot of retail traders bought Hertz shares without understanding that they are going to end up worth nothing. Probably there should be some regulations added... (read more)