You see, I've seen the word "rationalism" used to mean all five of these things at different times:
- The belief that we should come to know the world through reason and experimentation, shunning intuition.
- The belief that we should come to know the world through reason and intuition, shunning experimentation.
- The belief that we should come to know the world through knowledge of (and correction for) cognitive biases, and knowledge of (and correct use of) probability theory.
- Being effective at believing things that are true and not things that are false.
- Being effective at doing things that are good and not things that are bad.
Edited to reinstate that proposed solution, since this discussion is presumably finished.
I agree with the first and third bullet points, but could you please elaborate on what you mean by the second one?
Also, I would like to add that we usually divide rationality into epistemic rationality and instrumental rationality, as described in What Do We Mean By "Rationality"? So whichever name we pick, it has to describe both branches, which is tricky. Maybe we should ask ourselves what the connection is between the two, and focus on that?
Just that we shouldn't call it "uber-better-than-everyone-else-ism" or the "FindTheRightAnswer™ method" or, you know, something silly like that. (Though what I actually had in mind when I wrote that bullet point was Francis Bacon's "idols of the marketplace" and the like.)