Thank you for your response!
 

There were 3 situations today where the second case arose:

1. I asked whether GTP was less stable than ATP in AP Bio (I wanted to understand how it was possible that GTP + ADP -> GDP + ATP,  and if this was the case, why ATP was used at all).  My teacher thought I was asking about it from an evolutionary standpoint, and started explaining the evolution of the system.
2. I have a tendency to speak in short bursts of content in which I think I often underestimate inferential distances. (My internal monologue normally consists of vaguely used phrases + a sense of what I mean,  which I think this carries over into my speech).
3. I'm realizing that I find it difficult to phrase sentences correctly. I rewrite almost every sentence I type many times over because I'm not sure about grammar and word arrangement (I spent a minute thinking about whether I should wrap "many times over" in a pair of commas at the start of this sentence).

Actually, both.

1. I started a AI club at my high school last year, and I've been (slowly) trying to teach other students the basics of deep learning. They generally come out of my 15-to-20 minute-long explanations confused, rather than understanding.
2. This too (I don't have a specific example in mind - I'll see if any pop up during school tomorrow)

I normally think what I'm saying is clear, but the result is that others don't understand what I mean when I finish saying it - which causes me to tack on hasty clarifications of my intentions / ideas.

Thank you! The books you recommended look like what I was hoping to find.