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shminux comments on Welcome to Less Wrong! (July 2012) - Less Wrong
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I'm not an expert in philosophy, but if we are talking physics, relativity, special or general, did not do anything of the sort you claim: "Einstein's theory of special relativity it was at the time considered finally possible to accurately and precisely predict the movements of bodies in our universe." If anything, the Newtonian mechanics had a better claim at determinism, at least until 19th century, when it became clear than electromagnetism comes with a host of paradoxes, not cleared up until both SR and QM were developed. Of course, this immediately caused more trouble than it solved, and I recall no serious physicist who claimed that it was " finally possible to accurately and precisely predict the movements of bodies", given that QM is inherently non-deterministic, SR showing that Newtonian gravity is incomplete. and GR was not shown to be well-posed until much later.
Thank you for your input. I also do not know of any serious physicist who asserted that causality had been finally and definitively solved by SR; from what I was taught, it was as I said more a widespread idea that the majority of the educated shared, rather than one person's assertion.
Indeed, Hume's insight is more of a philosophical problem than a mathematical one. Hume showed that empiricism alone could never determine causality. Einstein's STR showed that causality can be determined empirically when aided by maths, a tool of the empiricist. It can be argued that STR does not definitively prove causality itself (perhaps very rightly so - again, I am not aware), however the salient point is that STR gave rise to the conception that Hume's insight had finally been resolved. To be clear, in order to resolve Hume's insight one only needed to demonstrate that through empiricism it is possible to establish causality.