"As a foreign student in the US, how likely is Trump to have me tortured for no reason?"

It's hard to judge, but I think having a pro-torture president will make use of torture by the police more likely. My feeling is that you aren't in clear and present danger, and institutional changes take time.

You are not as safe as someone with a non-Arabic name.

My feeling is that you don't need a go bag, but you might as well start researching other places which would be good for you to live.