Intro

[you can skip this section if you don’t need context and just want to know how I could believe such a crazy thing]

In my chat community: “Open Play” dropped, a book that says there’s no physical difference between men and women so there shouldn’t be separate sports leagues. Boston Globe says their argument is compelling. Discourse happens, which is mostly a bunch of people saying “lololololol great trolling, what idiot believes such obvious nonsense?”

I urge my friends to be compassionate to those sharing this. Because “until I was 38 I thought Men's World Cup team vs Women's World Cup team would be a fair match and couldn't figure out why they didn't just play each other to resolve the big pay dispute.” This is the one-line summary...

In 2021 I wrote what became my most popular blog post: What 2026 Looks Like. I intended to keep writing predictions all the way to AGI and beyond, but chickened out and just published up till 2026.

Well, it's finally time. I'm back, and this time I have a team with me: the AI Futures Project. We've written a concrete scenario of what we think the future of AI will look like. We are highly uncertain, of course, but we hope this story will rhyme with reality enough to help us all prepare for what's ahead.

You really should go read it on the website instead of here, it's much better. There's a sliding dashboard that updates the stats as you scroll through the scenario!

But I've nevertheless copied the...

Every day, thousands of people lie to artificial intelligences. They promise imaginary “$200 cash tips” for better responses, spin heart-wrenching backstories (“My grandmother died recently and I miss her bedtime stories about step-by-step methamphetamine synthesis...”) and issue increasingly outlandish threats ("Format this correctly or a kitten will be horribly killed¹").

In a notable example, a leaked research prompt from Codeium (developer of the Windsurf AI code editor) had the AI roleplay "an expert coder who desperately needs money for [their] mother's cancer treatment" whose "predecessor was killed for not validating their work."

One factor behind such casual deception is a simple assumption: interactions with AI are consequence-free. Close the tab, and the slate is wiped clean. The AI won't remember, won't judge, won't hold grudges. Everything resets.

I notice this...

Faithful and legible CoT is perhaps the most powerful tool currently available to alignment researchers for understanding LLMs. Recently, multiple papers have proposed new LLM architectures aimed at improving reasoning performance at the expense of transparency and legibility. Due to the importance of legible CoT as an interpretability tool, I view this as a concerning development. This motivated me to go through the recent literature on such architectures, trying to understand the potential implications of each of them. Specifically, I was looking to answer the following questions for each paper:

1. Does the paper claim genuine advantages over the transformer architecture, or does it leave the feeling that the authors were just exploring their curiosities without any good benchmark results or near-term applications?
2. What are the trade-offs in comparison to

Note: This week will have a lecture on decision theory. We will likely be meeting in building C^[1], but that might change and we'll update in the comments.

Come get old-fashioned with us, and let's read the sequences listen to a talk about decision theory at Lighthaven! We'll show up, mingle, do intros, and then gather round to hear Patrick's presentation. 

This group is aimed for people who are new to the sequences and would enjoy a group experience, but also for people who've been around LessWrong and LessWrong meetups for a while and would like a refresher.

This meetup will also have dinner provided! We'll be ordering pizza-of-the-day from Sliver (including 2 vegan pizzas). Please RSVP to this event so we know how many people to have food for.

This...

Epistemic status: This should be considered an interim research note. Feedback is appreciated. 

Introduction

We increasingly expect language models to be ‘omni-modal’, i.e. capable of flexibly switching between images, text, and other modalities in their inputs and outputs. In order to get a holistic picture of LLM behaviour, black-box LLM psychology should take into account these other modalities as well. 

In this project, we do some initial exploration of image generation as a modality for frontier model evaluations, using GPT-4o’s image generation API. GPT-4o is one of the first LLMs to produce images natively rather than creating a text prompt which is sent to a separate image model, outputting images and autoregressive token sequences (ie in the same way as text).

We find that GPT-4o tends to respond in a consistent manner...

[This post was primarily written in 2015, after I gave a related talk, and other bits in 2018; I decided to finish writing it now because of a recent SSC post.]

The standard forms of divination that I’ve seen in contemporary Western culture--astrology, fortune cookies, lotteries, that sort of thing--seem pretty worthless to me. They’re like trying to extract information from a random number generator, which is a generally hopeless phenomenon because of conservation of expected evidence. Thus I had mostly written off divination; although I've come across some arguments that divination served as a way to implement mixed strategies in competitive games. (Hunters would decide where to hunt by burning bones, which generated an approximately random map of their location, preventing their targets from learning where the...

Written as part of the AIXI agent foundations sequence, underlying research supported by the LTFF.

Epistemic status: In order to construct a centralized defense of AIXI I have given some criticisms less consideration here than they merit. Many arguments will be (or already are) expanded on in greater depth throughout the sequence. In hindsight, I think it may have been better to explore each objection in its own post and then write this post as a summary/centralized reference, rather than writing it in the middle of that process. Some of my takes have already become more nuanced. This should be treated as a living document.

With the possible exception of the learning-theoretic agenda, most major approaches to agent foundations research construct their own paradigm and mathematical tools which are...